Xysticus audax (Schrank, 1803)
Description
Male palp with basal part of T-shaped bulbal apophysis ± as long as wide. A punnet-like protruding apophysis with a big pointed tooth lies prolaterally on the bulbus. Tibial apophysis ventrally right-angled with straight ending, the other apophysis lies retrolaterally, broad at the base and tapering toward the tip. Embolus broad with undivided tip, bent in transparent part. Epigyne medially with strongly sclerotised inner margins of epigynal groove. Vulva with horizontal ducts posterior to the sac-like inflated walls of the entrance ducts. Prosoma dark lateral stripes, posteriorly divided. Brightness variable. Chelicerae brown, frontally with 2 long spines. Legs dark, mostly spotted contrastingly with white and brown, but also partly bright. Dorsally with rough, cream and brown spots. Female: dorsally with olive-brown and white longitudinal stripes on femur, patella and tibia. Spinnerets brown.
Body length male: 3.5-4.6 mmBody length female: 3.8-8 mm
Additional information
in vegetation, also in areas away from the ground, on conifers, broom and heath. From lowland and up to 2300 m
Distribution
Phenology
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
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Figures
Pedipalp, ventral view
(Ono 1988)
Pedipalp, ventral view
(Roberts 1995)
Pedipalp, ventral view
(Jantscher 2001b)
Pedipalp, ventral view
(Brændegaard 1966)
Pedipalp, ventral view
(Locket & Millidge 1951)
Pedipalp, retrolateral view
(Jantscher 2001b)
Pedipalp
(Ono 1988)
Pedipalp, ventral view
(Jantscher 2001a)
Pedipalp, retrolateral view
(Jantscher 2001a)
Pedipalp, prolateral view
(Jantscher 2001a)
Pedipalp, ventral view
(Løvbrekke unpubl.)
Embolus, ventral view
(Jantscher 2001b)
Embolus
(Løvbrekke unpubl.)
Tip of embolus
(Palmgren 1983)
Tip of embolus
(Jantscher 2001a)
Tip of embolus
(Jantscher 2001a)
Tip of embolus
(Jantscher 2001a)
Tip of embolus
(Jantscher 2001a)
Median apophysis
(Løvbrekke unpubl.)
Epigyne
(Brændegaard 1966)
Epigyne
(Jantscher 2001b)
Epigyne
(Jantscher 2001b)
Epigyne
(Ono 1988)
Epigyne
(Roberts 1995)
Epigyne
(Jantscher 2001a)
Epigyne
(Løvbrekke unpubl.)
Vulva, dorsal view
(Jantscher 2001b)
Vulva, dorsal view
(Jantscher 2001b)
Vulva
(Ono 1988)
Vulva, ventral view
(Palmgren 1983)
Vulva, dorsal view
(Jantscher 2001a)
Vulva
(Løvbrekke unpubl.)
Habitus
(Ono 1988)
Habitus
(Ono 1988)
Distribution List
"No references" does not mean that the species does not occur in this country, but that we have not yet inserted the reference for it. We are working on it.
References
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Brændegaard J (1966) Edderkopper: Eller Spindlere I Danmarks Fauna 72: 1-224
Cera I (2018) The checklist of Latvian spiders (Arachnida: Araneae). Environmental and Experimental Biology 16: 139-152
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Dentici A, Amata F C (2018) New faunistic data for the Sicilian arachnofauna (Arachnida Araneae). Biodiversity Journal 9: 271-276
Ivanov V V (2013) The checklist of Belarusian spiders (Arachnida, Araneae). Zoology and Ecology 4: 293-311
Jantscher E (2001a) Revision der Krabbenspinnengattung Xysticus C.L. Koch, 1835 (Araneae, Thomisidae) in Zentraleuropa. Dissertation, Univ. Graz, 328 pp., 81 pls.
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Løvbrekke H (unpubl.)
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