Zodarion italicum (Canestrini, 1868)
Description
Embolus with bent tip. Spermathecae with atrium, clearly visible. Prosoma brown to dark brown with dark pattern. Legs yellowish-orange. Opisthosoma dorsally dark purple-brown, ventrally uniformly pale yellow.
Body length male: 1.6-2.9 mmBody length female: 2.1-4.3 mm
Additional information
Since a few decades, this species shows some spreading tendencies within Europe. Nevertheless, it shall not be listed as alien or invasive because it is native for Europe.
Distribution
Phenology
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Figures
Pedipalp, ventral view
(Bosmans 1997)
Pedipalp, ventral view
(Pesarini 1993)
Pedipalp, ventral view
(Thaler & Noflatscher 1990)
Pedipalp
(Bosmans 1997)
Pedipalp
(Denis 1937a)
Pedipalp
(Pesarini 1993)
Pedipalp, retrolateral view
(Gajdoš et al. 2023a)
Pedipalp, ventral view
(Gajdoš et al. 2023a)
Tip of embolus
(Bosmans 1997)
Tip of embolus
(Pesarini 1993)
Retinaculum, ventral view
(Bosmans 1997)
Epigyne
(Bosmans 1997)
Epigyne
(Pesarini 1993)
Epigyne/vulva
(Thaler & Noflatscher 1990)
Epigyne
(Gajdoš et al. 2023a)
Vulva
(Bosmans 1997)
Distribution List
"No references" does not mean that the species does not occur in this country, but that we have not yet inserted the reference for it. We are working on it.
References
Blagoev G, Deltshev C, Lazarov S, Naumova M (2018) The spiders (Araneae) of Bulgaria. Version: August 2018. National Museum of Natural History, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences. Online at http://www.nmnhs.com/spiders-bulgaria/ (accessed on 10.9.2018) 
Bosmans R (1997) Revision of the genus Zodarion Walckenaer, 1833, part II. Western and Central Europe, including Italy (Araneae: Zodariidae). Bulletin of the British Arachnological Society 10: 265-294
Bosmans R, Van Keer K (2017) Een herziene soortenlijst van de Belgische spinnen (Araneae). Nieuwsbrief van de Belgische Arachnologische Vereniging 32: 39-69
Branco V V, Morano E, Cardoso P (2019) An update to the Iberian spider checklist (Araneae). Zootaxa 4614: 201-254
Deltshev C, Komnenov M, Blagoev G, Georgiev T, Lazarov S, Stojkoska E, Naumova M (2013) Faunistic diversity of spiders (Araneae) in Galichitsa Mountain (FYR Macedonia). Biodiversity Data Journal 1(e977): 1-70
Deltshev C, Naumova M, Matevski D, Indzhov S (2022) New taxonomic and faunistic data on the genus Zodarion Walckenaer, 1826 (Araneae: Zodariidae) in the Balkans, with the descriptions of two new species. Zootaxa 5174: 247-261
Denis J (1937a) Contribution à l'étude des araignées du genre Zodarion Walckenaer. Festschrift Embrik Strand 3: 1-50
Gajdoš P, Majzlan O, David S, Purgat P, Litavský J (2023a) Assemblages of ground-living spiders (Araneae) and harvestmen (Opiliones) of the recultivated old chemical waste dump in Vrakuňa. Biológia (Bratislava) 78: 149-162
Kostanjšek R, Kuntner M (2015) Araneae Sloveniae: a national spider species checklist. ZooKeys 474: 1-91
Kreuels M, Staudt A, Christian S (2019) Die Spinnenfauna von Luxemburg – eine Zusammenstellung der Nachweise aus den Jahren 1906-2018 (Arachnida: Araneae). Bulletin de la Société des naturalistes luxembourgeois 121: 203-230
Lavery A (2019) A revised checklist of the spiders of Great Britain and Ireland. Arachnology 18: 196-212
Le Peru B (2007) Catalogue et répartition des araignées de France. Revue Arachnologique 16: 1-468
Milosevic B (2002) Aranea – Popis vrsta – Checklist. Hrvatsko entomološko društvo – Inventar entomofaune Hrvatske [Aranea – List of species – Checklist. Croatian Entomological Society – Inventory of Croatian entomofauna].
Otto S (2022) Caucasian spiders. A faunistic database on the spiders of the Caucasus Ecoregion. Database version 02.2022. Internet: caucasus-spiders.info.
Pantini P, Isaia M (2019) Araneae.it: the online catalog of Italian spiders, with addenda on other arachnid orders occurring in Italy (Arachnida: Araneae, Opiliones, Palpigradi, Pseudoscorpionida, Scorpiones, Solifugae). Fragmenta Entomologica 51: 127-152
Pesarini C (1993) Note su alcuni Zodarion Walckenaer della fauna italiana con descrizione di una nuova specie (Araneae, Zodariidae). Atti della Società Italiana di Scienze Naturali e del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano 133: 5-12
Ponomarev A V, Chumachenko Y A, Shmatko V Y (2022) The first data about spider fauna (Aranei) of dendrological park "Yuzhnye Cultury" (Adler, Krasnodar Territory, Russia). Field Biologist Journal 4: 137-152
Růžička V, Řezáč M (2022a) Seznam pavouků České republiky. List of spiders of the Czech Republic. Online at https://www.arachnology.cz/seznam-pavouku-cr-26.html and https://www.arachnology.cz/en/seznam-pavouku-cr-26.html
Thaler K, Noflatscher M-T (1990) Neue und bemerkenswerte Spinnenfunde in Südtirol (Arachnida: Aranei). Veröffentlichungen des Museum Ferdinandeum in Innsbruck 69: 169-190
WSC (2024) World Spider Catalog. Version 25.0. Natural History Museum Bern, online at http://wsc.nmbe.ch (22.01.2024) doi: 10.24436/2