|
|
In case you find an error or have a specific suggestion, please follow this link: click
|
1
|
Males 2 |
|
- |
Females 12 |
|
2 (1)


|
Femoral apophysis with 3 pointed processes Heliophanus tribulosus Simon, 1868

|
|
- |
Different 3 |
|
3 (2) |
Femoral apophysis with 2 pointed processes 4 |
|
- |
Femoral apophysis with one pointed process 8 |
|
4 (3) |
Processes of femoral apophysis unequally long. See also H. auratus. 5 |
|
- |
Processes of femoral apophysis equal in length 6 |
|
5 (4)


|
Embolus short and slightly bent; femoral apophysis as fig. Heliophanus kochii Simon, 1868

|
|
- 


|
Embolus long and strongly bent Heliophanus flavipes (Hahn, 1832)

|
|
6 (4)


|
Embolus broad, the two tips of femoral apophysis curved Heliophanus lineiventris Simon, 1868

|
|
- |
Embolus narrow 7 |
|
7 (6)


|
Embolus short; tibia with one apophysis; femoral apophysis as fig. Heliophanus melinus L. Koch, 1867

|
|
- 


|
Embolus long; bulbus with rectangular protrusion; tibia with 2 apophyses; femoral apophysis as fig. Heliophanus auratus C. L. Koch, 1835

|
|
8 (3) |
Femoral apophysis distally bent 9 |
|
- |
Femoral apophysis distally not bent 10 |
|
9 (8)


|
Embolus robust, on its base a distinct protrusion; anterior branch of tibial apophysis robust; femoral apophysis as fig. Heliophanus dubius C. L. Koch, 1835

|
|
- 


|
Embolus short and thin; tibial apophysis with 2 pliers-like processes; femoral apophysis as fig. Heliophanus patagiatus Thorell, 1875

|
|
10 (8)


|
Embolus only slightly bent, on its base a robust protrusion; tibial apophysis long and slightly bent; femoral apophysis as fig. Heliophanus aeneus (Hahn, 1832)

|
|
- |
Embolus S-like bent 11 |
|
11 (10)


|
Embolus long; tibial apophysis with a thin, hook-shaped and a long, pointed process; femoral apophysis as fig. Heliophanus cupreus (Walckenaer, 1802)

|
|
- 


|
Embolus short and robust; tibial apophysis with a robust, hook-shaped and a short, pointed process; femoral apophysis as fig. Heliophanus dampfi Schenkel, 1923

|
|
12 (1) |
Epigyne with one groove 13 |
|
- |
Epigyne with two grooves 19 |
|
13 (12) |
Epigynal groove also posteriorly surrounded by a distinctly sclerotised margin 14 |
|
- |
Epigynal groove at least posteriorly without distinctly sclerotised margin 17 |
|
14 (13) |
Epigynal groove ± triangular 15 |
|
- |
Epigynal groove oval 16 |
|
15 (14)


|
Receptaculum seminis posterior to groove; epigyne as fig. Heliophanus lineiventris Simon, 1868

|
|
- 


|
Receptaculum seminis in the middle of groove; epigyne as fig. Heliophanus tribulosus Simon, 1868

|
|
16 (14)


|
Receptaculum seminis posterior to groove; epigyne as fig. Heliophanus kochii Simon, 1868

|
|
- 


|
Receptaculum seminis in the middle of groove; epigyne as fig. Heliophanus melinus L. Koch, 1867

|
|
17 (13)


|
Epigynal groove transverse oval; vulva as fig. Heliophanus flavipes (Hahn, 1832)

|
|
- |
Epigynal groove different, mostly longer than wide 18 |
|
18 (17)


|
Epigynal groove posteriorly with V-like incision; vulva as fig. Heliophanus dampfi Schenkel, 1923

|
|
- 


|
Epigyne different; vulva as fig. Heliophanus cupreus (Walckenaer, 1802)

|
|
19 (12) |
The two epigynal grooves distinctly separated and distant from epigynal margin 20 |
|
- |
Different 21 |
|
20 (19)


|
Epigynal grooves near posterior epigynal margin; vulva as fig. Heliophanus dubius C. L. Koch, 1835

|
|
- 


|
Epigynal groove approx. one diameter apart from posterior epigynal margin; vulva as fig. Heliophanus aeneus (Hahn, 1832)

|
|
21 (19)


|
Epigynal grooves touching each other medially or merging, distinctly distant from posterior epigynal margin Heliophanus auratus C. L. Koch, 1835

|
|
- 


|
Epigynal groove laterally open towards posterior epigynal margin Heliophanus patagiatus Thorell, 1875

|
|



| 1. Heliophanus acutissimus Wesołowska, 1986 |
|



| 2. Heliophanus agricola Wesołowska, 1986 |
 Pedipalp, ventral view (Wesołowska 1986)
|
 Pedipalp, retrolateral view (Wesołowska 1986)
|
 Pedipalp, dorsal view (Wesołowska 1986)
|
 Pedipalp with tibia, patella and femur, retrolateral view (Schäfer & Klimsa 2017)
|
 Pedipalp, ventral view (Schäfer & Klimsa 2017)
|
 Tip of embolus (Wunderlich 2023)
|
 Palpal femur (Wesołowska 1986)
|
 Palpal femur, prolateral view (Wunderlich 2023)
|
 Epigyne, ventral view (Wesołowska 1986)
|
 Epigyne (Schäfer & Klimsa 2017)
|
 Epigyne, variation, ventral view (Wesołowska 1986)
|
 Vulva, variation (Wesołowska 1986)
|
 Vulva, variation (Wesołowska 1986)
|
|
|
|



| 3. Heliophanus apiatus Simon, 1868 |
 Pedipalp, ventral view (Simon 1937)
|
 Pedipalp, ventral view (Wesołowska 1986)
|
 Pedipalp, retrolateral view (Wesołowska 1986)
|
 Pedipalp, dorsal view (Wesołowska 1986)
|
 Pedipalp, ventral view (Wesołowska 1986)
|
 Pedipalp, ventral view (Wesołowska 1986)
|
 Pedipalp with tibia, patella and femur, retrolateral view (Gündüz & Kaya 2023)
|
 Pedipalp with tibia, patella and femur, retrolateral view (Gündüz & Kaya 2023)
|
 Pedipalp with tibia, patella and femur, ventral view (Gündüz & Kaya 2023)
|
 Pedipalp, ventral view (Gündüz & Kaya 2023)
|
 Pedipalp, dorsal view (Düzgünses et al. 2024)
|
 Pedipalp, retrolateral view (Düzgünses et al. 2024)
|
 Pedipalp, ventral view (Düzgünses et al. 2024)
|
 Femoral apophysis (Wesołowska 1986)
|
 Palpal femur (Simon 1937)
|
 Epigyne, ventral view (Wesołowska 1986)
|
 Epigyne (Düzgünses et al. 2024)
|
 Vulva, ventral view (Wesołowska 1986)
|
 Vulva, dorsal view (Wesołowska 1986)
|
 Vulva, dorsal view (Düzgünses et al. 2024)
|
|
|



| 4. Heliophanus camtschadalicus Kulczyński, 1885 |
 Pedipalp, ventral view (Wesołowska & Marusik 1990)
|
 Pedipalp, retrolateral view (Wesołowska & Marusik 1990)
|
 Pedipalp, dorsal view (Wesołowska & Marusik 1990)
|
 Femoral apophysis, lateral view (Wesołowska & Marusik 1990)
|
 Femoral apophysis, prolateral view (Wesołowska & Marusik 1990)
|
 Epigyne, ventral view (Wesołowska 1986)
|
 Epigyne, ventral view (Wesołowska & Marusik 1990)
|
 Epigyne, variation, ventral view (Wesołowska & Marusik 1990)
|
 Epigyne, variation, ventral view (Wesołowska & Marusik 1990)
|
 Vulva (Wesołowska 1986)
|
 Vulva (Wesołowska & Marusik 1990)
|
 Vulva, variation (Wesołowska & Marusik 1990)
|
|
|
|
|



| 5. Heliophanus conspicuus Wesołowska, 1986 |
|



| 6. Heliophanus creticus Giltay, 1932 |
|



| 7. Heliophanus curvidens (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872) |
 Pedipalp, retrolateral view (Rakov & Logunov 1997a)
|
 Pedipalp, dorsal view (Rakov & Logunov 1997a)
|
 Pedipalp, ventral view (Rakov & Logunov 1997a)
|
 Pedipalp, ventral view (Wesołowska 1986)
|
 Pedipalp, retrolateral view (Wesołowska 1986)
|
 Pedipalp, dorsal view (Wesołowska 1986)
|
 Pedipalp, ventral view (Wesołowska 1986)
|
 Pedipalp, retrolateral view (Wesołowska 1986)
|
 Pedipalp, dorsal view (Wesołowska 1986)
|
 Femoral apophysis, ventral view (Wesołowska 1986)
|
 Femoral apophysis, prolateral view (Wesołowska 1986)
|
 Femoral apophysis (Wesołowska 1986)
|
 Palpal femur (Rakov & Logunov 1997a)
|
 Palpal femur (Rakov & Logunov 1997a)
|
 Epigyne, ventral view (Rakov & Logunov 1997a)
|
 Epigyne, ventral view (Wesołowska 1986)
|
 Vulva (Rakov & Logunov 1997a)
|
 Vulva (Wesołowska 1986)
|
|
|
|
|



| 8. Heliophanus decoratus L. Koch, 1875 |
 Pedipalp, ventral view (Prószyński 2003)
|
 Pedipalp, retrolateral view (Prószyński 2003)
|
 Pedipalp, ventral view (Wesołowska 1986)
|
 Pedipalp, retrolateral view (Wesołowska 1986)
|
 Pedipalp, dorsal view (Wesołowska 1986)
|
 Femoral apophysis (Wesołowska 1986)
|
 Habitus (Prószyński 2003)
|
 Epigyne, ventral view (Prószyński 2003)
|
 Epigynal plate, ventral view (Wesołowska 1986)
|
 Epigyne, ventral view (Wesołowska 1986)
|
 Epigyne, variation, ventral view (Prószyński 2003)
|
 Vulva (Prószyński 2003)
|
 Vulva, variation (Prószyński 2003)
|
 Vulva (Wesołowska 1986)
|
 Vulva (Wesołowska 1986)
|
 Vulva (Wesołowska 1986)
|
 Habitus (Prószyński 2003)
|
|
|



| 9. Heliophanus dunini Rakov & Logunov, 1997 |
|



| 10. Heliophanus encifer Simon, 1871 |
|



| 11. Heliophanus equester L. Koch, 1867 |
|



| 12. Heliophanus feltoni Logunov, 2009 |
|



| 13. Heliophanus forcipifer Kulczyński, 1895 |
 Pedipalp, ventral view (Rakov & Logunov 1997a)
|
 Pedipalp, retrolateral view (Rakov & Logunov 1997a)
|
 Pedipalp, dorsal view (Rakov & Logunov 1997a)
|
 Pedipalp, ventral view (Wesołowska 1986)
|
 Pedipalp, retrolateral view (Wesołowska 1986)
|
 Pedipalp, dorsal view (Wesołowska 1986)
|
 Pedipalp, ventral view (Nuruyeva & Snegovaya 2024c)
|
 Palpal femur (Rakov & Logunov 1997a)
|
 Palpal femur (Rakov & Logunov 1997a)
|
 Palpal femur (Wesołowska 1986)
|
 Palpal femur, prolateral view (Nuruyeva & Snegovaya 2024c)
|
 Palpal femur, retrolateral view (Nuruyeva & Snegovaya 2024c)
|
 Epigyne, ventral view (Rakov & Logunov 1997a)
|
 Vulva, dorsal view (Rakov & Logunov 1997a)
|
 Vulva, posterior view (Rakov & Logunov 1997a)
|
|
|
|
|



| 14. Heliophanus glaucus Bösenberg & Lenz, 1895 |
|



| 15. Heliophanus haymozi Logunov, 2015 |
|



| 16. Heliophanus ibericus Wesołowska, 1986 |
|



| 17. Heliophanus inversus Barrientos & Febrer, 2018 |
|



| 18. Heliophanus koktas Logunov, 1992 |
|



| 19. Heliophanus konradthaleri Logunov, 2009 |
|



| 20. Heliophanus machaerodus Simon, 1909 |
|



| 21. Heliophanus mediocinctus Kulczyński, 1898 |
 Habitus, dorsal view (Breitling et al. 2016b)
|
|
|
|



| 22. Heliophanus mordax (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872) |
 Pedipalp, ventral view (Metzner 1999)
|
 Pedipalp, retrolateral view (Metzner 1999)
|
 Pedipalp, ventral view (Rakov & Logunov 1997a)
|
 Pedipalp, retrolateral view (Rakov & Logunov 1997a)
|
 Pedipalp, dorsal view (Rakov & Logunov 1997a)
|
 Pedipalp, ventral view (Wesołowska 1986)
|
 Pedipalp, retrolateral view (Wesołowska 1986)
|
 Pedipalp, dorsal view (Wesołowska 1986)
|
 Femoral apophysis (Wesołowska 1986)
|
 Palpal femur (Rakov & Logunov 1997a)
|
 Palpal femur (Rakov & Logunov 1997a)
|
 Habitus (Metzner 1999)
|
 Epigyne (Metzner 1999)
|
 Epigyne, ventral view (Rakov & Logunov 1997a)
|
 Epigyne, ventral view (Wesołowska 1986)
|
 Epigyne, ventral view (Wesołowska 1986)
|
 Epigyne, ventral view (Wesołowska 1986)
|
 Epigyne (Coşar & Varol 2016)
|
 Vulva, dorsal view (Metzner 1999)
|
 Vulva, dorsal view (Rakov & Logunov 1997a)
|
 Vulva (Coşar & Varol 2016)
|
 Vulva, dorsal view (Logunov 2023a)
|
 Vulva, ventral view (Logunov 2023a)
|
 Opisthosoma, dorsal view (Rakov & Logunov 1997a)
|
|
|
|
|



| 23. Heliophanus potanini Schenkel, 1963 |
|



| 24. Heliophanus ramosus Wesołowska, 1986 |
 Pedipalp, ventral view (Wesołowska 1986)
|
 Pedipalp, retrolateral view (Wesołowska 1986)
|
 Pedipalp, dorsal view (Wesołowska 1986)
|
 Pedipalp, ventral view (Logunov 2015)
|
 Pedipalp, retrolateral view (Logunov 2015)
|
 Pedipalp with tibia, patella and femur, retrolateral view (Schäfer & Klimsa 2017)
|
 Pedipalp with tibia, patella and femur, ventral view (Schäfer & Klimsa 2017)
|
 Femoral apophysis (Wesołowska 1986)
|
 Palpal femur, prolateral view (Logunov 2015)
|
 Epigyne, ventral view (Logunov 2015)
|
 Vulva, dorsal view (Logunov 2015)
|
 Vulva, posterior view (Logunov 2015)
|
|
|
|
|



| 25. Heliophanus rufithorax Simon, 1868 |
|



| 26. Heliophanus simplex Simon, 1868 |
 Pedipalp, ventral view (Metzner 1999)
|
 Pedipalp, retrolateral view (Metzner 1999)
|
 Pedipalp, ventral view (Wesołowska 1986)
|
 Pedipalp, retrolateral view (Wesołowska 1986)
|
 Pedipalp, dorsal view (Wesołowska 1986)
|
 Pedipalp, ventral view (Wesołowska 1986)
|
 Pedipalp, ventral view (Wesołowska 1986)
|
 Pedipalp with tibia, patella and femur, ventral view (Ponomarev & Shmatko 2022b)
|
 Pedipalp, ventral view (Ponomarev & Shmatko 2022b)
|
 Femoral apophysis (Wesołowska 1986)
|
 Habitus (Metzner 1999)
|
 Epigyne (Szűts et al. 2003)
|
 Epigyne (Metzner 1999)
|
 Epigyne, ventral view (Wesołowska 1986)
|
 Epigyne, ventral view (Wesołowska 1986)
|
 Epigyne (IJland & van Helsdingen 2019)
|
 Vulva, dorsal view (Metzner 1999)
|
 Vulva (Wesołowska 1986)
|
 Vulva (Wesołowska 1986)
|
 Vulva (Wesołowska 1986)
|
|
|



| 27. Heliophanus sinaicus Logunov, 2015 |
|



| 28. Heliophanus stylifer Simon, 1878 |
|



| 29. Heliophanus turanicus Charitonov, 1969 |
|



| 30. Heliophanus verus Wesołowska, 1986 |
|